NOAA

Government Agency

Last mentioned: Mar 12, 2026

Timeline

  1. Peak Summer Impact

    Record heatwaves and altered precipitation patterns begin affecting global energy and ag markets.

  2. Onset

    El Niño conditions are officially declared as surface temperature thresholds are met.

  3. Early Warning

    Meteorological agencies detect subsurface warming and weakening trade winds.

  4. Neutral Phase

    Pacific temperatures remain within historical averages following the decay of previous cycles.

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