East-West pipeline outage threatens 5M b/d of crude shipments
Saudi Arabia's shutdown of its 1,200-km East-West pipeline removes the main overland bypass for 4–5 million barrels per day of crude while Houthi forces seize Perim Island at the Red Sea's southern entrance. Logistics planners face higher diesel costs, war-risk premiums, and potential Cape of Good Hope diversions on Europe-Asia routes.